Tann Thona: Telecom

Showing posts with label Telecom. Show all posts

Thursday, April 4, 2024

Mobile Phone Broadcasting 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G Field Strength Analysis

Tann Thona April 04, 2024 0

Mobile Phone Broadcasting (1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G) Field Strength Analysis in Royal University of Phnom Penh Zone

Ly Seyha, Cheasim Samnang, Pov Vannak, Ven Seyha, Tann Thona, Phan Theara, Chim Socheat, Nop Da, Keng Chhit, Long Ty, Ham Sovann, Chhory Noreath

Dept. of Telecommunication and Electronic Engineering, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Russia Federation Blvd (110), Cambodia

{seyhaly.fe, samnangc96, vanakpov2, venseyha88, tannthona, theara.phan010, chimsocheat978, nopda.fe, kengchhit, longty096, hamsovann96, noreath.chhoy123}@gmail.com
All authors contributed equally to this work

Abstract

In this article is discussed about mobile phone field testing in Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) zone by using Waveguide Horn antenna of maximum operated frequency 18GHz to received signal from the free-space. We used the high operate frequency spectrum analyzer (up to 9KHz – 22GHz) for scanning and analyses the signal from the Horn antenna of mobile phone of 1G (800-900MHz), 2G (900MHz-1.2GHz), 3G (1.2-1.8GHz), and 4G (1.8-2.1GHz). To analyses signal, we spent a day (9 hours) to test with 5 main locations in RUPP. After finish the experiment, we have got some information result and data statistic to analyses the comparison of power gain in the testing location and then make a conclusion for those data.

Keywords— Gain, Horn Antenna, Spectrum Analyzer, Power Testing, RF Environment Testing, Antenna Testing, Mobile Phone (1G, 2G, 3G, 4G) Testing Field.

I. INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, companies are using their own policies to broadcast frequency with the only power of 10KW to cover around Phnom Penh, but some companies did fail by broadcasting frequency with more than 10KW, Electromagnetic field is very effective to people health if the broadcasting of the strong power. Anyway, we have analyzed field effect in Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) zone to understanding over power effective to people with RF Environment Analysis by using Horn Antenna and Spectrum Analyzer. At that time, we have spent a day (9 hours) to tested with 5 locations around Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) with the different antenna height.
The information of locations of our experiment was held on the description below:
Nowadays, companies are using their own policies to broadcast frequency with the only power of 10KW to cover around Phnom Penh, but some companies did fail by broadcasting frequency with more than 10KW, Electromagnetic field is very effective to people health if the broadcasting of the strong power. Anyway, we have analyzed field effect in Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) zone to understanding over power effective to people with RF Environment Analysis by using Horn Antenna and Spectrum Analyzer. At that time, we have spent a day (9 hours) to tested with 5 locations around Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) with the different antenna height.
The information of locations of our experiment was held on the description below:

A. Location 1

The 1st location of our experiment was on the roof of building C in RUPP which represent the antenna height of 14m.

Address of Location: 11°34'12.9"N 104°53'27.1"E

B. Location 2

The 2nd location of our experiment was on the 4th floor of building B in RUPP which represent the antenna height of 15m.

Address of Location: 11°34'12.1"N 104°53'22.7"E

C. Location 3

The 3rd location of our experiment was on the 6th floor of building A in RUPP which represent the antenna height of 25m.

Address of Location: 11°34'07.1"N 104°53'27.4"E

D. Location 4

The 4th location of our experiment was in front of CJCC building in RUPP zone which represent the antenna height of 1.2m.

Address of Location: 11°34'07.4"N 104°53'36.9"E

E. Location 5

The 5th location of our experiment was on the roof of CKCC building in RUPP which represent the antenna height of 13m.

Address of Location: 11°34'08.3"N 104°53'18.1"E

II. EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

To process this experiment of mobile phone testing field with generation type (1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G) we need some equipment such as:

Waveguide Horn Antenna (Model: hp 3115, Serial/No. 9901A5662): are very popular use at UHF (1 - 18GHz) and higher frequencies. Horn antennas often have a directional radiation pattern with a high antenna gain, which can range up to 25 dB in some cases, with 10 - 20 dB being typical. Horn antenna have very little loss, so the directivity of a horn is roughly equal to its gain. The radiation pattern of a horn antenna will depend on B and A (the dimensions of the horn at the opening) and R (the length of the horn, which also affects the flare angles of the horn), along with band a (the dimensions of the waveguide). These parameters are optimized in order to tailor the performance of the horn antenna, and are illustrated in the following Fig. 1.

Spectrum Analyzer (Model: hp 8562A, Serial/No. 3017A05067): use it to measures the magnitude of an input signal versus frequency within the full frequency range of the instrument. The input signal that a spectrum analyzer measures is electrical. It operates well with input connector of 50ohm and frequency from 9KHz to 22GHz (see Fig. 2 for front panel), and the LINE input operates at normally 115V (47 – 440Hz) or at normally 230V (47 – 66Hz). See the back panel in the Fig. 3.
Compass: is also use in this experiment, it uses for finding the direction of the high-power performance from broadcasting power source.
GPS: use it to find the location of performance experiment.

Fig. 1 Geometry of the double ridged horn antenna.

Fig. 2 Spectrum analyzer model hp 8562A as front view.

Fig. 3 Spectrum analyzer model hp 8562A as back view.

III. EXPERIMENT

To process this fully experiment propose we did the test on the high position and testing it step by step. Firstly, we need to find a high position with no obstacle around, then let checking the environment around that location is it effective more or less, so try to find the better one of effective. After that we can start the experiment by:

Firstly, checking the AC input power that provide to Spectrum Analyzer, if AC power source fit to the Spectrum Analyzer input LINE containing, so the operate will starting.

Setting start and stop frequency of range from 700MHz to 2.9GHz to analyze the magnitude spectrum and frequency of mobile phone (1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G) by pushing on FREQUENCY button panel.

Start checking and cleaning the connector N-male type to protect the problem of Spectrum Analyzer because it works with the high frequency, then connect the Horn Antenna to Spectrum Analyzer via RF coaxial cable and N-male connector type of 50ohm impedance.

Press on TRACE button panel to do the MAX HOLD to signal, and then pushing VIEW to freeze the signal.

Let press on MARKER panel to check each magnitude spectrum power and frequencies that showing on Spectrum Analyzer’s monitor.

Checking it one by one until you finish your experiment propose of mobile phone testing with 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G.
Environment is the main part of effective to analyze the data signal, it is also focus with the weather, so after you finish your signal testing, you need to checking about environment and weather in the detail.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

After we finished those experiment we have got some information about it and collected it in the table below.

TABLE I

RESULT OF EXPERIMENT OF LOCATION1 ON ROOF OF BUILDING C.

Fig. 4 Data of Location1.

TABLE II

RESULT OF EXPERIMENT OF LOCATION2 OF 4TH FLOOR, BUILDING B.

Fig. 5 Data of Location2.

TABLE III

RESULT OF EXPERIMENT OF LOCATION3 OF 6TH FLOOR, BUILDING A.

Fig. 6 Data of Location3.

TABLE IV

RESULT OF EXPERIMENT OF LOCATION4 IN FRONT OF CJCC BUILDING.

Fig. 7 Data of Location4.

TABLE V

RESULT OF EXPERIMENT OF LOCATION5 ON ROOF OF CKCC BUILDING.

Fig. 8 Data of Location5

According to TABLE I and Fig. 4, we can observe that:

For 1G, the direction East has the highest power gain among the three others (-27.5dBm) because there is no effective by any environment and maybe power source of 1G comes from this direction and the direction West has the lowest gain (-37.67dBm) because it has reflected by wall of building C.
For 2G, the direction South has the highest gain (-19.33dBm) among the three others because maybe the power source of 2G comes from this direction and the direction East has the lowest gain (-24.5dBw) because maybe the power source does not come from this direction.
For 3G, the direction North has the highest gain (-15.67dBm) among the three others because there is no effective by any environment and maybe power source of 3G comes from this direction and direction West has the lowest gain (-23.67dBw) because it is being reflected my wall of building C.
For 4G, the direction N has the highest gain (-18.83dBm) among the three others because there is no effective by any environment and maybe power source of 4G comes from this direction and the direction South has the lowest gain (-28.83dBw).

Base on TABLE II and Fig. 5, we can observe that:

For 1G, the direction North has the highest gain (-23.00dBm) among the three others because there is no effective by any environment and maybe power source of 1G comes from this direction and direction East has the lowest gain (-29.00dBw).
For 2G, the direction West has the highest power gain (-26.00dBm) among the three others and direction East has the lowest gain (-30.00dBw).
For 3G, the direction West has the highest power gain (-20.83dBm) among the three others and direction North has the lowest gain (-32.33dBw).
For 4G, the direction East has the highest power gain (-22.83dBm) among the three others and direction North has the lowest gain (-33.33dBw).

Base on TABLE III and Fig. 6, we can observe that:

For 1G, the direction North has the highest gain (-15.67dBm) among the three others and direction West has the lowest gain (-23.67dBw).
For 2G, the direction West has the highest gain (-24.83dBm) among the three others and direction South has the lowest gain (-32.83dBw).
For 3G, the direction West has the highest gain (-21.33dBm) among the three others and direction South has the lowest gain (-35dBw).
For 4G, the direction East has the highest gain (-20.83dBm) among the three others and direction South has the lowest gain (-42.17dBw).

According to TABLE IV and Fig. 7, we can observe that:

For 1G, the direction North has the highest gain (-29.33dBm) among the three others and direction East has the lowest gain (-30.5dBw).
For 2G, the direction North has the highest gain (-27.83dBm) among the three others and direction South has the lowest gain (-40.5dBw).
For 3G, the direction South has the highest gain (-20.83dBm) among the three others and direction West has the lowest gain (-31.17dBw).
For 4G, the direction South has the highest gain (-26.67dBm) among the three others and direction East has the lowest gain (-33.33dBw).

According to TABLE IV and Fig. 8, we can observe that:

For 1G, the direction North has the highest gain (-17.67dBm) among the three others and direction East has the lowest gain (-30dBw).

For 2G, the direction West has the highest gain (-24.33dBm) among the three others and direction South has the lowest gain (-34.17dBw).

For 3G, the direction East has the highest gain (-20.33dBm) among the three others and direction West has the lowest gain (-31.83dBw).

For 4G, the direction East has the highest gain (-26.33dBm) among the three others and direction South has the lowest gain (-32dBw).

In sum, the power Gain of those 5 locations can conclude that:

At the building C with 14m of height antenna is the best location has good power Gain because of the location of experiment is on the roof and maybe cause of no effective by environment (tree, high building...) and there is many station or repeater around this location.

At the location4 of in front of CJCC with the antenna height 1.2m where the location of ground which has a lot of obstacle of building and some trees effective around it and has the lowest gain if compared to others location of experiment.

For direction have reflection is OK that has the medium gain no problem.

For the generation type of mobile phone in Cambodia, we can conclude that:

For 1G, assume that it is the 1st generation that popularity in using of voice calling, so the broadcasting power also around.

For 2G, it is the 2nd generation technology that if compare to 1G, it uses to extent the number of users in a radio channel as digital, assume that it uses for voice and data signal as 1G, but it is not popular to use, so the signal is less.

For 3G, it is next generation of 2G, it uses for voice, data, and especially uses for video telephony and internet surfing. It is a high-speed network that also popularity in using, so that it is wide-band of broadcasting the gain power around the experiment.

For 4G is a recently generation which did not cover openly in Cambodia and it also include with the block of number of user, so the broadcasting power is less.

V. CONCLUSION

Totally, the experiment propose is to analyzes RF signal of mobile phone with 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G, which broadcasting power from mobile phone station or its repeater by using a high frequency Spectrum Analyzer and Waveguide Horn Antenna.

After we got the data information from this experiment, according to these data will use to analyze which location has obstacle effective, reflected by the building, or any effective else, so that the result of Gain power that we got does depend on that effective environment.

A. In Case of High Gain Power

Usually, all locations of no effective environment or reflective object are the better location to do the field test where the received power is higher of others because the reflector can also cause that the signal will reactant to receiver antenna.

B. In Case of Low Gain Power

We can assume that even though the testing location has no environment effective, it is possible that there is no power source of antenna transmitter in line with our experiment antenna.

REFERENCES

[1] Bevilaqua, Peter (2009). "Horn antenna - Intro". Antenna-theory.com website. Retrieved 2010-11-11.

[2] Bakshi, K.A.; A.V. Bakshi, U.A. Bakshi (2009). Antennas And Wave Propagation. Technical Publications. pp. 6.1–6.3. ISBN 81-8431-278-4.

[3] Available: https://support.chinavasion.com/index.php?/Knowledgebase/Article/View/284/42/1g-2g-3g-4g---the-evolution-of-wireless-generations.

Download Report File PDF

Activity Testing

Date: 15 December 2017
Location: Royal University of Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Take Photos by Tann Thona

Thailand’s TVs Broadcasting Field Strength Across into Koh Kong Province

Telecommunication

Tann Thona April 04, 2024 1

Thailand’s TVs Broadcasting Power Strength Across Cambodia-Thailand Border into Koh Kong Province of Cambodia

Seyha Ly, Samnang Cheasim, Vannak Pov, Seyha Ven, Thona Tann, Theara Phan, Socheat Chim, Da Nop, Chhit Keng, Ty Long, Sovann Ham, Noreath Chhory, Tharoeun Thap*, and Dae-Hwan Bae*

Dept. of Telecommunication and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Royal University of Phnom Penh, 110 Boulevard, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

{seyhaly.fe, samnangc96, vanakpov2, venseyha88, tannthona, theara.phan010, chimsocheat978, nopda.fe, kengchhit, longty096, hamsovann96, noreath.chhoy123}@gmail.com

*Correspondence: whymper@gmail.com (DHB); wec.tharoeun@gmail.com (TT)
All authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

In Thailand has several hundred TV and radio stations which broadcast frequency on TV channel and both AM and FM wave bands, they also get the permission from International Telecommunication Union (ITU) to broadcast specific frequencies of them same as Cambodia and other country, but we did not know how they broadcasting their frequencies. In case of over power broadcasting from Thailand across into Cambodia, so we decided to choose Koh Kong city to test frequencies and power strength from Thailand by spending 18 hours of 3 days. In this article, we discussed about TV channel field testing at Cambodia-Thailand boundary zone by using Bilog antenna and spectrum analyzer. To analyze the signal, we spent a day (18 hours) to test with 2 main broadcasting frequencies from Thailand and its location of testing is in Koh Kong City Hotel with a high position. After finish the experiment, we have got many information result and data statistic to analyze the comparison of power gain in the testing location and then make a conclusion for those data. We made up this project in order to find solution for stopping and preventing in the future since it illegal and may affect to our living especially people who living there such as; traditional, language, culture, civilization, and nationality.

Keywords— Gain, Bilog Antenna specification, Power limitation, Power Testing, RF Environment testing, Antenna testing, TV frequency Testing.

I. INTRODUCTION

Thailand country also get the permission from International Telecommunication Union (ITU) to broadcast specific frequencies of TV channels and radio both AM and FM the same as Cambodia and other countries in the world, but we did not know they follow the frequency’s law of ITU, so we decided to spent 18 hours of 3 days to test the field frequencies at Koh Kong province. In the field test, we want to check frequencies and power signal over from Thailand to Cambodia at Koh Kong province. At there, we choose only frequencies from Thailand and there are two frequencies that we operated in this field test near border of Thailand.

We made up this experiment to find out the power that broadcast to Cambodia from Thailand in order to find solution for stopping and preventing in the future since it illegal and may affect to our living especially people who living there such as; traditional, language, culture, civilization, and nationality.

A. Antenna Analysis

To performance experiment, we used Bilog Antenna with model of SCHAFFNER CBL6111C with frequency range 30MHz – 1GHz.

The CBL6111C is a high performance ultra-wideband Bilog Antenna for emission and immunity EMC testing. This is the original classic Bilog combining two antennas in one, making savings of at least 20 – 30% on test time and reducing measurement errors due to cable and connector wear.

The CBL6111C has been accepted worldwide for emission measurements. Although, used primarily as an emission measuring antenna, can handle power up to 300 watts, making it suitable for most immunity measurements requiring fields up to 10V/m, or even greater. The CBL6111C is linearly polarized and exhibits excellent balance (<1dB) and cross polarization performance (>20dB). As the description, Table 1, and Fig. 1 of the CBL6111C Bilog antenna has been descripted in [1].

Fig. 1 Dimension of Bilog antenna.

TABLE I: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF BILOG ANTENNA.

1) RG-58 Cable loss: RG-58 is a type of coaxial cable often used for low-power signal and RF connections. The cable has a characteristic impedance of either 50 or 52 Ω. As the description, has been expressed in [2].

Values are nominal 25°C performance calculations. Actual measured values may vary from the calculated values based on manufacturing tolerances, cable assembly length, connector performance, actual operating frequency, and measurement accuracy. The power handling calculation is based on operation under controlled conditions: 25°C, sea level, still air (natural convection) environment. Power handling may be limited by connector choice. As the description and calculation attenuation of cable loss as above and below has been describe in [3].

For Fig. 2, is the RG-58 coaxial cable with 10m and connected to 2 N-male type connectors to link between Bilog antenna and Spectrum analyzer.

For Fig. 3, show the graph of different changing of attenuation in [dB] with each frequency. Frequency is in the x-axis and attenuation is in y-axis, if frequency increase to be bigger and the cable length become longer then the attenuation will be bigger, mean that the loss of RG-58 cable depend on cable length and frequency of experiment. Base on graph of Fig. 3, for example, with the cable length 30.5m and the frequency is 100MHz, so the attenuation is 5dB.

TABLE II: SPECIFICATIONS OF RG-5 CABLE.

TABLE III: CABLE ASSEMBLY PERFORMANCE WITH FREQUENCY OF 106.6MHZ.

Fig. 2 RG-58 coaxial cable 10m with 2 N-male connectors.

Fig. 3 Data of coaxial cable loss (attenuation) in dB per 30.5m (100ft).

2) Free space loss: Free-space path loss (FSPL) is the attenuation of radio energy between the feed points of two antennas that results from the combination of the receiving antenna's capture area plus the obstacle free, line-of-sight path through free space (usually air). Free Space path loss in dB formula define as below:

Lf,dB = 92.4 + 20log(d[km]) + 20log(f[GHz])

d: distance between Tx and Rx [km]

f: transmitting frequency [GHz]

For Fig. 4, it is example of comparing the path-loss of the distance and fixed frequencies 2.4, 5.1, and 5.7GHz. To conclude, when the frequency is bigger while the distance, the free-space path-loss will be increase. As the Fig. 4, 5 to see more the description of the path-loss in [4].

Fig. 4 The diagram of measurement free space path-loss.

Fig. 5 Comparing the free-space path-loss of the distance and each frequency.

II. RF ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS

A. Estimating at Cambodia-Thai border, Niche café

In that field test, we have checked reference frequencies at Cambodia-Thai border first with antenna height 3m. For checking, we try to check frequencies only from Thailand, so we checked direction for 180 degrees of antenna’s angle to Thailand because the border of Cambodia and Thai is one side of each other.

For Fig. 6, we used Google map for estimating the transmitting antenna source and show the direction of those 2 frequencies from Thailand. For the direction 1, signal maybe come from analysis point1 mark, this is the Chanthaburi towns of Thailand and there are a lot of buildings there and it is about 120Km distance from the testing point crossing over the sea. For the direction 2, we estimated that the signal come from the transmitting antenna of the Prachuab Khiri towns of Thailand and the distance is about 400Km from the testing point.

Fig. 6 Estimating Google map for environment analysis.

B. Analyze testing at Koh Kong City Hotel using Google map

For Fig. 7, show the measurement distance from Cambodia-Thailand boundary by using Google map for estimating. After we finished our testing frequency as the reference at Cambodia-Thailand border, we made a testing of 18 hours at Koh Kong City Hotel is about 8.55Km distance by using Google map estimating while crossing the obstacle of the mountains and the free space of sea field from Cambodia-Thailand border to the experiment place.

Totally, environment is the main part of effective to analyze the data signal, it is also focus with the weather, and during we testing our signal, we need to check about environment and weather in the detail.

Fig. 7 Analyze testing at Koh Kong City Hotel from Cambodia-Thai border by using Google map.

III. OPERATING DIAGRAM

Base on the diagram above, to process this fully experiment propose we did the test to find frequencies as reference at Khmer-Thai border by focusing to Thai direction. After that, we got two frequencies are 98.5MHz with 300oNW direction and 106.6MHz with the direction of 268oW as the reference from Thailand and then to test it step by step at Koh Kong City Hotel about 10Km distance from the border.

Firstly, we need to find a high position with high power gain which direct to Thailand with no obstacle at hotel and then lets checking the environment around that location to make sure it is free space. After that we started to check the AC input power that provide to Spectrum Analyzer, if AC power source fit to the Spectrum Analyzer input LINE containing, so the operation will be starting.

Start checking and cleaning those two N-male type connectors of 50ohm impedance which connect by RG-58 co-axial cable and then the connector of BiLog Antenna to protect any impact problem of Spectrum Analyzer.

Setting start and stop frequency of range from 90MHz to 110MHz to analyze the frequency band and magnitude spectrum of FM by pushing on FREQUENCY button panel.

Press on TRACE button panel to do the MAX HOLD to signal, and then pushing FREEZE to view the signal.

Let press on MARKER panel to check each frequencies and magnitude spectrum that show on Spectrum Analyzer’s monitor.

Checking it one by one and update data every 20min until we finish our experiment propose of RF testing.

Fig. 8 Operation diagram of measurement.

The diagram of processing this fully experiment proposes as shown below:

IV. DATA ANALYSIS

After finish the experiment of 18 hours, then we got some data

TABLE IV: DATA OF EXPERIMENT FROM 9:00PM TO 10:40PM.

TABLE V: DATA OF EXPERIMENT FROM 11:00PM TO 4:40AM.

TABLE VI: DATA OF EXPERIMENT FROM 5:00AM TO 9:00PM.

TABLE VII: DATA OF EXPERIMENT FROM 9:20AM TO 12:00PM.

TABLE VIII: DATA OF EXPERIMENT FROM 12:20AM TO 2:00PM.

Fig. 9 Power gain of each sampling time of full experiment with frequency of 98.5MHz.

Fig. 10 Power gain of each sampling time of full experiment with frequency of 106.6MHz.

In Table I, during 9:00pm to 10:40pm, we observed that the power gain is low if compare to all five tables above. It might because of a lot of people who using those frequencies became low. Therefore, air and small mountains might be a factor too because they are in front of our Bilog antenna direction. Also, it might affect by frequencies which propagate from Cambodia.

In Table II, from 11:00pm to 04:40am, we observed that the power gain is quite high if compare to all five tables. It might because of decreasing of people who using those frequencies and this because of it is a sleeping time and also because of the weather is cool 21oc wind blowing.

In Table III, it is the early morning time during 5:00am to 9:00am, we observed that the power gain is quite as high as Table II. It might because of many people haven’t using this frequency yet, this because of it is early in the morning and the weather still cool with 23oc and wind blowing, but the broadcasting still broadcast the power.

In Table IV, from 9:00am to 12:00am is the morning time, we observed most of the range time that the power gain is extremely high if compare to all five tables. It might because of a lot of people who using those frequencies while they increase power gain to propagate.

In Table V, we observed that the power gain is quite high if compare to all five tables. It might because lack of people who using those frequencies and it is a relaxing too from studying or working.

In Fig. 9, described the power gain’s data of each sampling time of our full experiments with a single frequency of 98.5MHz. Base on the data of the that Fig. 8, see that the power gain of it between 9:00am to 12:00am is the highest gain if compare to other.

Base on Fig. 10, it described the power gain’s data of each sampling time of our full experiments with a single frequency of 106.6MHz. As shown in Fig. 8, see that the power gain of it between 9:00am to 12:00am is also the highest gain and between 9:00pm – 10:40pm is the lowest gain if compare to other.

V. CONCLUSION

Fig. 11 Comparing power gain of those 2 frequencies of each sampling time.

According to Fig. 11, show the comparing gain of frequencies 98.5 and 106.6MHz of each sampling time. Base on it, see that the power gain of 98.5MHz is look more better than 106.6MHz, we concluded that because of the transmitter antenna is quite near to our experiment point.

Totally, the experiment propose is to analyzes RF power limitation signal of TV at Koh Kong of Cambodia’s and Thailand’ Border which illegal broadcasting power from Thailand. In this testing, we used the Bilog antenna to operate with Spectrum Analyzer. After we got the data information from this experiment, according to these data will use to analyze which location has obstacle effective, reflected by the building, or any effective else, so that the result of gain power that we got does depend on that effective environment, weather, free-space, and cable loss.

However, at the Koh Kong town cannot get higher gain as at the border since the broadcasting frequencies from Thailand is cross over to Cambodia and it may affect to our living especially people who living there such as; traditional, language, culture, civilization, and nationality.

REFERENCES

[1] SCHAFFNER, 'Classic' BiLog® Antenna 30MHz - 1GHz – CBL6111C.
Available:
http://www.astat.com.pl/download.php?file=pliki/schaffner_dt_CBL6111C_gb.pdf

[2] Available:
www.idc-online.com/technical_references/pdfs/data.../RG_58.pdf

[3] Available:
http://www.timesmicrowave.com/calculator/?productId=122&frequency=98.5&runLength=32.81&mode=calculate#form

[4] File:FSPL for common 802.11 frequency bands.svg
Available:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FSPL_for_common_802.11_frequency_bands.svg