Royal University of Phnom Penh

Faculty of Engineering

Dep. of Telecommunication and Electronic Engineering

Smart Detecting Train Auto Control Gate

Project Smart Detecting Train Auto Control Gate

Smart Detecting Train Auto Control Gate

I. Abstract

II. Introduction

III. Electronic Requirement

Figure 1: IR Sensor characteristic and Its working.

Royal University of Phnom Penh

Faculty of Engineering

Dep. of Telecommunication and Electronic Engineering

Project Title: Stereo Audio Amplifier

Group member:

Ly Seyha, Tann Thona, Chhoy Noreath, Nop Da, Simpich Dany

Advisor: Dr. Thap Tharoeun

First Generation, Year 3rd Semester II

2017

I. Introduction

This is a stereo audio amplifier module using the KA2209 IC, which is equivalent to the TDA2822. It will operate well from 3 – 12v DC and will work from a battery since the quiescent current drain is low. It requires no heat sink for normal use. The input and output are both ground referenced. Maximum output will be obtained with a 12v power supply and 8-ohm speaker, however it is particularly suitable for driving headphones from a supply as low as 3V.

II. Specifications of KA2209

• D.C. input: 5 – 12 V at 200 – 500 mA max.
• Power output: - > 1-Watt max. 4-8 ohms, 12V DC
• > 500 mW, 32-ohm, 12V
• > 500 mW, 4-ohm, 6V
• Freq. Resp.: ~ 40 Hz to 200 kHz, 8-ohm, G=10
• < 20 Hz to > 50 kHz, 32 ohms
• THD: < 1 % @ 750 mW, 4-8Ω, 12V
• < 0.2 % @ 250 mW, 4-8Ω, 12V
• Sensitivity: < 300 mV, G = 20 dB

Figure 1. KA2209 IC

III. Assembly Instructions

• The electrolytic capacitors are polarized, they have a + or - marked on them and they must be inserted correctly into the PCB.
• The IC and socket have a notch at one end, which is marked on the PC board overlay. If there is no notch on the IC, there will be a dot next to pin 1, which is the same end.
• Solder the socket in place first before installing the IC itself, then resistors, capacitors, and PCB pins. Leave the potentiometer until last. We have also provided input attenuation via the potentiometer which can be used as a volume control. This will keep the signal to noise ratio as high as possible. Extra gain provided by the amplifier will reduce the S/N ratio by a similar amount, since the input noise figure is constant.

IV. Testing

Check the voltage and polarity before connecting the battery or power supply. If it does not work, recheck all component positions and polarity. Check all solder joints, and all external wiring. The IC itself is quite robust, and there is very little else to go wrong. Remember when testing, it will not produce full output for more than a short duration because of limited heat dissipation. We found it easily exceeded the manufacturers specifications however.

IV. Circuit Description

• R1, R2 and R3, R4 are the feedback resistors. 
• C1 provides power supply decoupling.
• C2, C3 are the output coupling capacitors.
• C4, R1 and C5, R2 block DC in the feedback circuit from the inverting inputs.
• C6, R3 and C7, R4 act as Zobel networks providing a high frequency load to maintain stability at frequencies where loud speaker inductive reactance may become excessive.
• C8 and C9 are the input coupling capacitors, which block any DC that might be present on the inputs.
• The pot provides adjustable input level attenuation.

Figure 2. Stereo Audio Circuit with KA2209 IC

V. Components Requirement

VI. Reference

Quasar Electronics Limited

PO Box 6935

Bishops Stortford

CM23 4WP

UNITED KINGDOM 

Website:    http://www.quasarelectronics.com/3087.htm

Photos

Date: 26 October 2017

Location: Royal University of Phnom Penh

Set Real Time Control Light Using 7 Segment

1. Abstract

2. Introduction

3. Objective

• Display Real Time on 7 segment
• Set Time Automatic Turn ON LED Light
• Set Time Automatic Turn OFF LED Light

4. Electronic Requirement

• Arduino Meg 2560
• RTC DS3231 Module
• 7 Segment Two Digit Cathode Type (x2)
• Button (x3)
• Resistance 330 Ohm (x6)
• LED Red(x2) Wite(x1)
• Breadboard (x1)
• USB Connected from Arduino to Computer
• Jumper Wire

5. Methodology

• Controller

The Arduino Mega is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins, 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack and a reset button.

Figure 1: Arduino MEGA 2560)

• RTC DS3231 Module

We need to use Real-time Clock (RTC DS3231) to keep tract of the time even if we program the microcontroller or disconnect the main power because RTC run on it own batter like our clock.
The DS3231 is low-cost, highly accurate real-time which can maintain hours, minute, and seconds. This module work on both 3.3v and 5v that make it suitable for using with microcontroller (Arduino).

Figure 2: DS3231 Real-time Clock Module

• 7 Segment Cathode Two Digit

7 Segment (cathode type) has 10 pins. 2 pins are GND (one for one’s digit) and others 8 pins are get power source for display number.

Figure 3: 7Segment Cathode Two Digit

• Button

Button is similar switch too. If we press button it like switch open, but if we release it like switch close. We use button in this project to set time for torn on the light and turn off the light.

Figure 4: Button

• LED

We use LED to show light depend on time that we set turn on or turn off.

Figure 5: LED

5.2 Circuit Diagram

• RTC DS3231 Module

Table Connection RTC to Arduno

Figure 6: The circuit of connection from Arduino MEGA to RTC

• 7 Segment Cathode Two Digit

Table Connection 7 Segment to Arduino

Figure 7: The circuit of connection from Arduino MEGA to 7 Segment

5.3 Algorithim of Project

Figure 8: Full Diagram of Project

Flow Chart Process

5.4 Coding

//#include <SPI.h>
#include <DS3231.h> //Library for RTC module (Download from Link in article)
DS3231 rtc(SDA, SCL);
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
//SPI.begin(); /* Enable the SPI interface */
rtc.begin(); // Initialize the rtc object
rtc.setTime(13, 52, 00); // Set the time to 12:00:00 (24hr format)
rtc.setDate(13, 3, 2018); // Set the time to 12:00:00 (24hr format)
}
Void loop()
{
}

6. Result

• 7 Segment display real time clock by get time from DS3231.
• Button 2 (Middle): press a second 7 Segment will go to set time turn on LED mode. In mode set time if click less than a second on Button it will increase number on 7 Segment.
• Button 3 (Right): press a second 7 Segment will go to set time turn off LED mode. In mode set time if click less than a second on Button it will decrease number on 7 Segment.
• Button 1 (Left): press a second in set time mode it will save time value. But if we click less than a second it will change digit for edit number of time.
• LED will turn on/off when time we set the same real time.

Automatic Control System for Factory Management

  

 

 

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